Piston and piston-rod for internal-combustion engines



J. C. MACC. MACLAGAN. PISTON AND PISTON ROD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

I APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 16, 1919.

1,346,04 1 P tent d July 6 1920;

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5.5, a .0 2 F I a I 4 1 D A] J IN EN OR 3 024, CHMMCJ M J C. MAcC. MACLAGAN. PISTON AND PJiS'f'ON ROD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-16,1919.

Patented July :5 11.920

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Application filed September ie, 1919.

filling it when at that end of the stroke, and

provided with an internal supplementary combustion space into which the fuel is directly delivered, the retardation of combustion owing to the flame being obstructed by the piston-rod-as occurs in engines as hitherto generally constructed-beingthus obviated. While this supplementary part of the piston may be formed integrally with it. it is preferably formed on the upper end of the piston-rod, and the invention fur-- ther relates to such a construction in which are also embodied improved arrangements for water-c0o1ing the parts.

Figures 1 and 2 on the accompanying two sheets of explanatory drawings are vertical sections at right angles to each other showing an illustrative example of the improved piston and piston-rod.

As shown in the drawings, the piston-rod A has formed on its upper end and adj acent to the under side of the iston, which is made in two portions A a double conical enlargement A the lower part of which is of substantially the same contour as the cylinder cover, while the upper part carries a screwed tail piece B by means of which and a nut B it is secured in a recess formed in the resting on a flange C lower or skirt portion A of the piston. The upper portion A of the piston has at the bottom an inwardly projecting flange 0, formed on the top of the lower portion A of the piston. The two parts of the piston are secured together by studs D engaged by nuts D inserted, in recesses D in the piston walls. The enlargement A of the piston-rod A has formed through it an aperture E formin av supplementary combustion s ace, and a iiel-injection device E (shown y dotted Specification of Letters latent.

Patented July 63, 1920.. Serial no. eaaioc.

lines) isso positioned in the that fuel is delivered into the which the combustion takes place rapidly since there is no obstruction to the passage of the flame.

To permit of the circulation of coolingwater through the piston and piston-rod, the piston-rod A has in it a central longitudinal aperture F which debouches at its upper end into passages F formedin the wall of the enlargement A, and passes around the combustion aperture E to the upper end of the tail piece 13 to which is attached a branch piece Gr having in it a number of hollow radial arms G communicating with a space H within the piston. Passages J connect the space H with the upper ends of a second series of passages K in the enlargement A the lower ends of which passages communr cats with an annular space L between the iston-rod A and a sleeve M embracing it.

he sleeve M is attached at its upper end by means of flangesll on it and studs N to similar flan es N 2 formed on the pistonrod A below t e enlargement A while its lower end is secured in the engine crosshead. The lower end of the s ace L is connected by means of assages with a second annular space surrounding a pipe R carried by the piston-rod, and which communicates at its upper end with the aperture F. Preferably the cooling water flows up by the cylinder wall and returns by the passages F in the enpiston-rod A.

What I claim is 1. In an internal combustion engine, a piston cylinder, a piston working therein and having an associated part shaped to the internal contour of the cylinder cover, said part being apertured to aflord an internal combustion space when the piston is at the end of its stroke, substantially as described.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a piston cylinder, a piston working therein, a piston rod connected to said piston and having, adjacent the piston, a part shaped to the internal contour of the cylinder cover, said part being apertured to afford an internal combustion space when the piston is at substantially as deaperture E in annular space L to the space H in the piston g eeann having, adjacent the piston, a double-cone enlargement shaped at one end to the internal contour of the cylinder, and at its other end to a counterpart recess in the piston end, said enlargement being apertured to afiord an internal combustion space when the piston is at the end of its stroke, substantially as described.

4.- In an internal combustion engine, a piston cylinder, :1 piston working therein and having an associated part shaped to the internal contour of the cylinder cover, said part being apertured to aflord an internal combustion space when the piston is at the end of its stroke, in combination with watercooling passages extending through the piston rod and piston, and passing around said I apertured part in proximity to the combustion space therein to cool the latter.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a

piston cylinder, a hollow piston working" therein, a piston rod connected to the piston and having, adjacent the piston, a doublecore enlargement shaped at one end to the internal contour of the cylinder and at its other end to a counterpart recess in the piston end, said enlargement being apertured to afford an internal combustion space when the piston is at the end of its stroke, in combination with a water-cooling system for the piston comprising a central longitudinal passage in the piston rod, communicating passages in the double-cone enlargement at the end of said rod, radial distributing pas-' sages leading therefrom and conducting the cooling fluid to and from the interior-of the piston, a sleeve spaced around the piston rod and affording an annular passage, means for establishing connection between the latter and the interior of the piston, a pipe forming a continuation of the central longitudinal passage in the piston rod, but affording an annular passage around the same, and a passage establishing communication between the interior of the piston rod sleeve and said annular passage around the pipe, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

JOHN CAMPBELL MAGOALL MAGLAGAN. 

